201405311958學術期刊投稿發表【流程】及線上投稿系統的論文【狀態】
學術期刊投稿發表的【流程】:作者<=>主編<=>審稿人
投稿發表的過程少不了一連串漫長的等待。當作者將論文上傳投稿了以後,接下來就是一連串的等待。往後到結案的過程中,有諸多影響每個程序都之時程快慢的因素。讓投稿人最最忐忑和關心的問題就是:我還「要等多久」?
我認為「等待的時間」主要取決於流程中,(1)主編的管理,(2)Reviewers 的回覆效率,以及跨界的等候:在(1)與(2)之間轉換。
【註:本文的敘述基於工程及管理領域的期刊發表經驗為主】
>>先說Reviewers 的回覆效率。普遍的可接受是2-4個月,有更短(幸運);更長的話,6個月是合理的上限。(PS:超過半年,不妨詢問一下進度。不過,通常出版社回覆說:幫你轉達或/聯繫主編,而主編通常不會回覆,然後沒下文...)
>>主編的管理:主編主要是負責Decision making,且多數(稍具規模的期刊)主編有助理協助。若在holding主編手中很久,猜測主要有這幾種可能:較冷僻艱深的領域,無法指派適當的編輯委員或審稿人(reasonable的原因)。此外,應該主編個人因素(unpredictable的)了:出差、度假、忙碌、遺忘、病號、個人觀感(不想處理某類發表)...等等。
>>關於:跨界在主編及審稿人之間轉換的狀況更為複雜。一般reviewers'回覆評比分為4級:A接受、B小修、C大修(重投)、D拒絕。
以【最基本的審稿模式】為例,主編通常先發2名reviewers審稿。不考慮A級回覆發生的狀況(沒遇過,合理猜測:只適用於邀稿或大咖)。以收到2個B級回覆的狀況來說:2B的處理就是:revised再審。處理好逐點回答,和修改後的手稿,確認有針對問題處理(勿多發揮),然後回覆給主編。response得好,很快(經過一般email往返合理的時間,一二個禮拜吧),被接受機會頗大。若收到回覆是1C1D或2D,直接就decline 或reject。至於,1B1C,有較多可能的處理。主編會根據1B1C的論點和強弱決定,如果主編有足夠依據也可能自己做出決定。加上主編自己觀感後給決定是:B、C,甚至D都有可能(由於近來發表出版蓬勃發展,稿件多不勝數,此類已傾向請你resubmit)。【附註,供參考】或主編另外尋求第3名reviewer來審稿;這種狀況(越來越難得了)等於又啟動一次reviewer inviting和reviewing,就需要再加拉長等待時間;經驗上,revision的第二輪審稿通常較快完成,comments也較簡要。
期刊審稿多數以找3名reviewers審稿為慣例。而為求實務上的效率,有些彈性和應變。譬如:就先以2名來審第一輪,需要時再找3位審稿;也有些期刊的會直接找3名或更多名reviewers同時審稿。
說完概念和大致流程。接下來,整理出學術期刊投稿發表中,各種可能經歷的程序及和狀況。
【注意】下述的程序主要適用通常學術投稿/審稿的流程。但是,出版社和期刊眾多,其流程、系統殊異,並非所有的程序或狀態都一致。只不過基本上的流程總是大同小異。簡言之,就是:作者<=>主編<=>審稿人,這3者間的往返、等待。
想當然,熱門、規模大的期刊,必須精緻地分工;而規模小者,流程上就會整併、簡化,經手人較少,顯示的狀態和控制也相對少。這當中會有諸多因期刊規模、慣例、線上系統不同而存在的差異。此外,線上系統顯示的進度,也有可能與實際進度是不同步的。
學術期刊投稿、發表的【完整流程】
【程序1】Manuscript Submitted:論文完成提交後,系統自動顯示的狀態。完成上傳時,系統會指派一個manuscript number給你的論文,後續的聯繫都將以此manuscript id為依據。且各系統上傳的要求不一,投稿者需詳閱並依照規定,填寫資料及上傳相關檔案。
【程序2】 Manuscript received 或 Manuscript processed:上傳的手稿進入審稿處/理流程。
【程序3】With editor :上傳的手稿目前在主編那裡,等候主編分派給次領域的責任編輯(較有規模、領域寬廣的的期刊,會依照專長領域區分編輯委員),或(該論文領域就是主編的專長領域)直接分派給審稿的學者。主編可能也會screening一下(如【程序4】),直接拒絕明顯太差、不符合預期的手稿。通常此階段會有二種狀態:
3.1. Waiting Editor Assignment:指派責任編輯,當狀態變成 Editor assigned就是手稿(透過線上系統)已經指派給某編輯委員,正等候編輯委員確認。
3.2. Editor Invited:某編輯已確認接手處理。
【程序4】 Screening:編輯接手後通常會速覽(screening),主要是直接剔除不恰當的手稿(包括明顯爛及與不符期刊的領域方向的)。Screen過程結果有兩種可能的狀態顯示:
4.1. Decision Letter Being Prepared
就是編輯沒找審稿人,自己就決定了。一般來說都是被拒(declined),主要不外是:
- (1)內容明顯太差或投稿的論文領域不符合,婉拒。
- (2)英文太差,建議你修改後重新再投。
- (3)格式或references明顯與預期落差太大,建議你修改後重新再投。
此外,就是編輯直接接受啦!(別做夢了,是有可能但也許從沒發生過!!)
接著編輯會開始邀請適合的審稿人(Reviewers)。所耗費時間長度的變數很多;編輯忙不忙、你的論文主題冷僻或太偏與否、受邀Reviewer(s)回復的速度都會影響時程。若受邀請之審稿人無法應邀,編輯得重新邀請新的審稿人。這過程也是來來回回,期間長短不一。不過(個人認為)主要還是以編輯的態度(責任感)和效率為關鍵因素。因為:既然編輯和審稿人都很忙忙忙!那很快回復和進入下一流程的,就是那些負責的吧!
【我要等多久】,下一階段(審稿)的期間,有一定所需的期間。通常是2個月(快)或4個月(一般)到6個月(可接受的慢)。狀態若卡在with editor超過6個月以上,而你又有時間壓力的話,建議你可以寫封信詢問進度。有些從系統就可以發信詢問,很方便的。
有人(不是聽說,本人見證)在with editor卡了一年半後,詢問進度得到出版社以下的回覆
Dear xxx,
I have contacted the editor in this regard and will get back to you as soon as I receive a response. ...
Szzzzzer
Journals Editorial Office(JEO)
接著又很久沒下文。終於決定撤銷投稿,前後1年8個月,最後只收到一句:
I would like to let you know that your manuscript has been withdrawn as per your request.
【我要等多久】It's up to you. 如果6個月都沒動靜,就該想想這個問題了。
【最討厭的With Editor,到底要多久?】
--------()------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q: How long does the status remain "With Editor" after initial submission?
It is perfectly normal for a submission to remain with the editor for over two weeks. The time taken for the different stages varies from journal to journal, but it is not uncommon for the journal system to show a “with editor” status for over a month after submission.
At this stage, the editor has two tasks to complete:
1. He/she has to complete the initial screening of the manuscript.
2. If the manuscript passes the initial screening, the editor has to send it for peer review.
The reason why this stage takes time is that it is often very difficult for the editor to find reviewers. The editor identifies suitable reviewers and sends out invitations to them, but on many occasions, the reviewers decline the invitations. Then the editor has to look for other reviewers.
I don’t think you should send a message to the editor so soon, as it might give the impression that you are being impatient. Wait for another 2-3 weeks. If you still do not see any change in status, you can send a polite inquiry to the editor. It is quite normal for the status to show “With editor” for over a month after initial submission.
---------(Link)-----------------
4.2. Reviewer(s) invited 審稿人已邀請。
若期刊論文預設審稿人3名;當系統狀態變更為Reviewer(s) invited時,有可能只是才發出邀請,還要等reviewers回覆是否能審稿。也有可能只有部分受邀者回覆接受審稿邀請,或已找到2名,還在邀集第3位...等等,總之還沒找齊。不過先找到也不一定先審完。這裡不會等很久(幾天到幾周),別擔心!
【程序5】 Under Reviewing 審稿中
審稿的時間通常會要求在2個月內,或更短4-6周。也有可能是一個漫長的等待(甚至以年為計算單位,但前文有提到,不該如此)。等待的時間長短,還是以主編的態度和效率而定,畢竟審稿人的進度也是由主編(很多主編有助理負責處理事務性的工作)來控管的。
這裡有一些資料,可做為投稿的參考,除了可以了解其他學者會如何來看待你的論文外,畢竟每位投稿人也都可能成為下一位的審稿人。
【審稿要點】,審稿要點參考:IEEE TKDE主編對審稿的期許,Ethics of the SIGMOD’07 Review Process主編對審稿的期許
Peer review process flowchart (同儕審稿的流程)
【程序6】Required Reviews Completed:審稿人的意見已上傳。審稿結束,等待主編conclusion、決定 。
【程序7】Evaluating Recommendation (Decision in Process):評估審稿人的意見,形成主編要給你的conclusion、決定。通常有:
(1) Accept as written (無須任何修訂,這種情況很少,不太可能)
(2) Accept with minor revision (只需小改,被接受的機會大)
(3) Accept with major revision (需要大改,被接受的機會小)
(4) Rejected/Declined (拒絕刊登,BYE ! 謝謝再聯絡!)。
【程序8】 Minor revision/Major revision :這個時候可稍微慶祝一下!有要求修改就有可能,通常允許你在指定的短期間內(2周-1個月或指定日期前),做Response或將大修改後的Revised的手稿回傳。
Respond後,若是【minor revision】的Response由原reviewers看過(也有可能是主輯自己看),滿意就Accept。或者給新的意見,再改,再回應,再審,有時來來回回幾次是有可能的(表示有被刊登的potential),要慎重處理reviewer(s)的每一個意見。這篇論文有一定程度的價值和可看性,reviewer(s)才願意花時間和心力和你討論的。一定要慎重處理,不要讓reviewer(s)失望。處理好就快要被Accepted了。當然也有改了3(或更多)次後被拒絕的,應該是核心的issues一直沒處理好。
【major revision】通常要求大修改後重投。則是從頭來過,新的reviewers,一切重新來過,等於是重新投稿了,進入【程序9】。如果文章大致是水準以上(或是和編輯有認識,或是邀稿的),只是單一或少數的concerned issue,編審期待有很好的response,那就有機會改好,然後被接受。
【程序9】Revision Submitted to Journal: 這段的發展如上述。多數線上系統不處裡這段,由主編或辦公室email往返。
【程序10】Accepted 。恭喜! 接著流程離開和主編、審稿人,轉到出版社,只要依出版社指示一一完成出版作業就是了(如下)。
---------- 出版流程 ---------------------
出版流程中,重點在勘誤、文章(字型、粗、斜體)、附圖(解析度、檔案格式)、表格的規格,都是排版的要求。反正都照出版社指示處理就是。
【程序11】 Transfer copyright form:簽版權協議
【程序12】Uncorrected proof:等待作者校對稿件
【程序13】 In Press, Corrected Proof:論文印刷中,且該稿件已經作者校對
【程序14】 Manuscript Sent to Production:排版中
【程序15】 In production:等待出版
其他相關術語:
camera-ready paper:可以付印的正式稿件
graphical abstract:圖文摘要,能突顯論文重點的圖,附簡要說明。
running head:發表文章裡顯示在你的頁碼上,通常偶數頁顯示RUNNING HEAD,奇數頁顯示論文的作者。
----(Appendix)-----The status of my submission (EES)------------
Status |
Description |
---|---|
Submitted to Journal |
You have completed the submission steps, and the article has been submitted to the journal.
|
With Editor |
Once an article is assigned to a journal Editor for handling it is given a unique manuscript number. For most journals, you will be notified of the manuscript number (once available) via email. Some journals have multiple levels of Editors, each Editor makes an initial assessment before passing to the next Editor in the chain. The status remains With Editor until an Editor invites reviewers. |
Under Review |
Reviewers have been invited and the peer review process is underway. There are several factors that influence the time taken for review, most notably availability of article referees. Peer review times vary per journal. Note that once completed reviews for your submitted article have been received and are under evaluation by the handling Editor the status may later return to 'Under Review' if additional reviews are sought. |
Required Reviews Completed |
The target number of required reviews has been completed, and the Handling Editor is considering the reviews. The Editor may invite more reviewers, returning the submission to 'Under Review' status, or may begin to enter a decision and move the status to 'Decision in Process'. |
Decision in Process |
The Editors have begun a decision in the system. The decision may need to be confirmed by multiple Editors in some journals. When the decision is finalized you will receive a direct email with the overall editorial decision, Editor and/or reviewer comments, and further instructions. |
Revise |
The Editor has made a decision and requested you revise the submission. |
Completed - Accept/Reject |
The submission process has completed with either an Accept or Reject decision. |
Transfer Pending |
The Editor has recommended the submission be transferred to another journal, and your response is needed. See How does the Article Transfer Service work for authors? |
Submission Transferred |
Submission has been transferred to another journal, see How does the Article Transfer Service work for authors? |
Status |
Description |
---|---|
Pre-submission statuses | |
Invited Author |
When an author is invited a placeholder submission is created; editors can see these on the Author Invitations menu.
|
Incomplete Submission |
The author has begun a submission, or has agreed to an invitation, but has not completed the process. Please note: Before an author has completed the initial submission process the submission cannot be found in Editor views, only Support can see these. |
Pre-review statuses | |
With Journal |
Manuscript has been submitted, but not yet assigned to an editor. This status is skipped for journals with automatic editor assignment. |
No Editor Invited |
For journals with invited editor workflow, this status means no handling editor has been invited yet or else all invited editors have declined or been uninvited. |
Editor Invited |
For journals with invited editor workflow, this status means there is a pending editor invitation. |
With Editor |
One or more editors have been assigned, but no reviewers have yet been invited. |
Review statuses | |
Reviewer Invited |
At least one reviewer has been invited, none have agreed. |
Under Review |
At least one reviewer has agreed to review. There have not yet been the required number of completed reviews. |
Ready for Decision |
The required number of reviews has been completed. If the required number is changed to a higher number, the status will change back to Under Review. |
Decision statuses | |
Decision in Progress |
An editor has begun a decision but chosen to save and resume later. |
Decision Pending |
At least one editor has made a decision but no letter has yet been sent. |
Copy Editing statuses | |
In Copy Editing |
The manuscript has been sent to a copyeditor, and will return to the previous status when the copyeditor completes the task. |
Revision and Resubmission statuses | |
Resubmission Requested |
The paper has been sent back to author, but the author has not yet responded to the request to resubmit. |
Under Resubmission |
The author has agreed to resubmit but has not completed the resubmission process yet. |
Revision Requested |
A decision of Revise has been made, but the author has not yet responded to the request to revise. |
Under Revision |
The author has agreed to revise but has not completed the revision process yet. |
Article Transfer statuses | |
Transfer Suggested |
The author has not yet responded to the offer of transfer |
Transferred |
The submission was transferred to another journal |
Not Transferred |
The author declined transfer, or the offer has expired. |
Transferred Draft Revisions |
The manuscript has been transferred from another journal, but the author has not yet completed the submission process to this journal |
Acceptance statuses | |
Accepted |
A decision of accept has been made, but the manuscript has not been sent to production. |
Sent to Production |
The manuscript has been sent to production. |
Transmittal Failed |
There was an error in sending to production. |
Rejected and Withdrawn statuses | |
Rejected |
A decision of reject has been made and sent to author. |
Withdrawn |
The submission has been withdrawn. |
Declined to Resubmit |
The author has declined a resubmission request. |
Declined to Revise |
The author has declined a revision request. |
Removed |
The submission was removed by the author or editor. These are found only on the Removed/Expired Submissions list. |
Expired |
An author task expired, and the paper was automatically removed. These are found only on the Removed/Expired Submissions list. |